Infection cushions of Fusarium graminearum are fungal arsenals for wheat infection.
Identifieur interne : 000129 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000128; suivant : 000130Infection cushions of Fusarium graminearum are fungal arsenals for wheat infection.
Auteurs : Michael Mentges [Allemagne] ; Anika Glasenapp [Allemagne] ; Marike Boenisch [Allemagne] ; Sascha Malz [Allemagne] ; Bernard Henrissat [France] ; Rasmus J N. Frandsen [Danemark] ; Ulrich Güldener [Allemagne] ; Martin Münsterkötter [Allemagne] ; Jörg Bormann [Allemagne] ; Marc-Henri Lebrun [France] ; Wilhelm Sch Fer [Allemagne] ; Ana Lilia Martinez-Rocha [Allemagne]Source :
- Molecular plant pathology [ 1364-3703 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is one of the most destructive plant pathogens worldwide, causing fusarium head blight (FHB) on cereals. F. graminearum colonizes wheat plant surfaces with specialized unbranched hyphae called runner hyphae (RH), which develop multicelled complex appressoria called infection cushions (IC). IC generate multiple penetration sites, allowing the fungus to enter the plant cuticle. Complex infection structures are typical for several economically important plant pathogens, yet with unknown molecular basis. In this study, RH and IC formed on the surface of wheat paleae were isolated by laser capture microdissection. RNA-Seq-based transcriptomic analyses were performed on RH and IC and compared to mycelium grown in complete medium (MY). Both RH and IC displayed a high number of infection up-regulated genes (982), encoding, among others, carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes: 140), putative effectors (PE: 88), or secondary metabolism gene clusters (SMC: 12 of 67 clusters). RH specifically up-regulated one SMC corresponding to aurofusarin biosynthesis, a broad activity antibiotic. IC specifically up-regulated 248 genes encoding mostly putative virulence factors such as 7 SMC, including the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol and the newly identified fusaoctaxin A, 33 PE, and 42 CAZymes. Furthermore, we studied selected candidate virulence factors using cellular biology and reverse genetics. Hence, our results demonstrate that IC accumulate an arsenal of proven and putative virulence factors to facilitate the invasion of epidermal cells.
DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12960
PubMed: 32573086
PubMed Central: PMC7368127
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Danemark, France
- Bavière, District de Haute-Bavière, Hambourg, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
- Hambourg, Marseille, Munich
- Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich
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wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Hambourg</settlement><region type="land" nuts="2">Hambourg</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Glasenapp, Anika" sort="Glasenapp, Anika" uniqKey="Glasenapp A" first="Anika" last="Glasenapp">Anika Glasenapp</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Hambourg</settlement><region type="land" nuts="2">Hambourg</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boenisch, Marike" sort="Boenisch, Marike" uniqKey="Boenisch M" first="Marike" last="Boenisch">Marike Boenisch</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Hambourg</settlement><region type="land" nuts="2">Hambourg</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malz, Sascha" sort="Malz, Sascha" uniqKey="Malz S" first="Sascha" last="Malz">Sascha Malz</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Hambourg</settlement><region type="land" nuts="2">Hambourg</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Henrissat, Bernard" sort="Henrissat, Bernard" uniqKey="Henrissat B" first="Bernard" last="Henrissat">Bernard Henrissat</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>UMR CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UMR CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frandsen, Rasmus J N" sort="Frandsen, Rasmus J N" uniqKey="Frandsen R" first="Rasmus J N" last="Frandsen">Rasmus J N. Frandsen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kgs. Lyngby</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guldener, Ulrich" sort="Guldener, Ulrich" uniqKey="Guldener U" first="Ulrich" last="Güldener">Ulrich Güldener</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Bioinformatics, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Bioinformatics, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Freising</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Freising</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Munsterkotter, Martin" sort="Munsterkotter, Martin" uniqKey="Munsterkotter M" first="Martin" last="Münsterkötter">Martin Münsterkötter</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, München, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bormann, Jorg" sort="Bormann, Jorg" uniqKey="Bormann J" first="Jörg" last="Bormann">Jörg Bormann</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Hambourg</settlement><region type="land" nuts="2">Hambourg</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lebrun, Marc Henri" sort="Lebrun, Marc Henri" uniqKey="Lebrun M" first="Marc-Henri" last="Lebrun">Marc-Henri Lebrun</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>UMR BIOGER INRA AgroParisTech, Thiverval-Grignon, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UMR BIOGER INRA AgroParisTech, Thiverval-Grignon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Thiverval-Grignon</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Thiverval-Grignon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sch Fer, Wilhelm" sort="Sch Fer, Wilhelm" uniqKey="Sch Fer W" first="Wilhelm" last="Sch Fer">Wilhelm Sch Fer</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Hambourg</settlement><region type="land" nuts="2">Hambourg</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez Rocha, Ana Lilia" sort="Martinez Rocha, Ana Lilia" uniqKey="Martinez Rocha A" first="Ana Lilia" last="Martinez-Rocha">Ana Lilia Martinez-Rocha</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Hambourg</settlement><region type="land" nuts="2">Hambourg</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Molecular plant pathology</title><idno type="eISSN">1364-3703</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Fusarium graminearum is one of the most destructive plant pathogens worldwide, causing fusarium head blight (FHB) on cereals. F. graminearum colonizes wheat plant surfaces with specialized unbranched hyphae called runner hyphae (RH), which develop multicelled complex appressoria called infection cushions (IC). IC generate multiple penetration sites, allowing the fungus to enter the plant cuticle. Complex infection structures are typical for several economically important plant pathogens, yet with unknown molecular basis. In this study, RH and IC formed on the surface of wheat paleae were isolated by laser capture microdissection. RNA-Seq-based transcriptomic analyses were performed on RH and IC and compared to mycelium grown in complete medium (MY). Both RH and IC displayed a high number of infection up-regulated genes (982), encoding, among others, carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes: 140), putative effectors (PE: 88), or secondary metabolism gene clusters (SMC: 12 of 67 clusters). RH specifically up-regulated one SMC corresponding to aurofusarin biosynthesis, a broad activity antibiotic. IC specifically up-regulated 248 genes encoding mostly putative virulence factors such as 7 SMC, including the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol and the newly identified fusaoctaxin A, 33 PE, and 42 CAZymes. Furthermore, we studied selected candidate virulence factors using cellular biology and reverse genetics. Hence, our results demonstrate that IC accumulate an arsenal of proven and putative virulence factors to facilitate the invasion of epidermal cells.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="In-Process" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32573086</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1364-3703</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>21</Volume><Issue>8</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Molecular plant pathology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Mol Plant Pathol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Infection cushions of Fusarium graminearum are fungal arsenals for wheat infection.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1070-1087</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1111/mpp.12960</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Fusarium graminearum is one of the most destructive plant pathogens worldwide, causing fusarium head blight (FHB) on cereals. F. graminearum colonizes wheat plant surfaces with specialized unbranched hyphae called runner hyphae (RH), which develop multicelled complex appressoria called infection cushions (IC). IC generate multiple penetration sites, allowing the fungus to enter the plant cuticle. Complex infection structures are typical for several economically important plant pathogens, yet with unknown molecular basis. In this study, RH and IC formed on the surface of wheat paleae were isolated by laser capture microdissection. RNA-Seq-based transcriptomic analyses were performed on RH and IC and compared to mycelium grown in complete medium (MY). Both RH and IC displayed a high number of infection up-regulated genes (982), encoding, among others, carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes: 140), putative effectors (PE: 88), or secondary metabolism gene clusters (SMC: 12 of 67 clusters). RH specifically up-regulated one SMC corresponding to aurofusarin biosynthesis, a broad activity antibiotic. IC specifically up-regulated 248 genes encoding mostly putative virulence factors such as 7 SMC, including the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol and the newly identified fusaoctaxin A, 33 PE, and 42 CAZymes. Furthermore, we studied selected candidate virulence factors using cellular biology and reverse genetics. Hence, our results demonstrate that IC accumulate an arsenal of proven and putative virulence factors to facilitate the invasion of epidermal cells.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2020 The Authors. Molecular Plant Pathology published by British Society for Plant Pathology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mentges</LastName><ForeName>Michael</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Glasenapp</LastName><ForeName>Anika</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Boenisch</LastName><ForeName>Marike</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Malz</LastName><ForeName>Sascha</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Henrissat</LastName><ForeName>Bernard</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UMR CNRS and Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Frandsen</LastName><ForeName>Rasmus J N</ForeName><Initials>RJN</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Güldener</LastName><ForeName>Ulrich</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Bioinformatics, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Münsterkötter</LastName><ForeName>Martin</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, München, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bormann</LastName><ForeName>Jörg</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lebrun</LastName><ForeName>Marc-Henri</ForeName><Initials>MH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UMR BIOGER INRA AgroParisTech, Thiverval-Grignon, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schäfer</LastName><ForeName>Wilhelm</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martinez-Rocha</LastName><ForeName>Ana Lilia</ForeName><Initials>AL</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-6560-3473</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Molekulare Phytopathologie, Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften und Mikrobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>23</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Mol Plant Pathol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100954969</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1364-3703</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Fusarium graminearum
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